Saltar navegación

Activa JavaScript para disfrutar de los vídeos de la Mediateca.

ROBOTIC: INTRODUCTION - Contenido educativo

Ajuste de pantalla

El ajuste de pantalla se aprecia al ver el vídeo en pantalla completa. Elige la presentación que más te guste:

Subido el 11 de octubre de 2018 por Isabel L.

73 visualizaciones

Más información Transcripción

Descargar la transcripción

Well, we are going to study the last lesson of this course, which is robotic. 00:00:03
Well, humans have tried to build or to create machines which can replace them. 00:00:13
Very often when there is some damage, dangers, when there is dangers, or it's something unhealthy, or it's a very monotonous task. 00:00:27
In these particular cases, we can use robots to replace humans. Nowadays, it is very useful and very often in factories. 00:00:43
However, from my point of view, robots will never have the same properties and the same knowledge and never can reach the same level of humans. 00:01:01
humans. In this slide we are going to introduce us to some content that are very important to 00:01:21
understand robotics. Firstly some definitions, after that control systems, sensor, 00:01:34
arduino board because we are going to do some practice with arduino board, actuators and what 00:01:45
is a robot. We can have automated machines, which is a device that can perform a specific task, 00:01:53
but we can't change this task. Obviously it's better if I can change it, and it is what robots 00:02:08
usually can do they can change its tasks because they usually are a multifunction and reprogramming 00:02:17
reprogramming well reprogrammable and this is the main reason why a robotic is nowadays 00:02:28
a very good, a very popular and very nice science. We can distinguish between analogical, analogic 00:02:36
signal and digital, analogical signal and digital signal. An analogical signal is as you can see in 00:02:49
this picture when the values of this signal are continuous, whereas a digital signal is just only 00:02:59
when the signal just only can have two values which are zero and one. It's also very important 00:03:10
to know what is a control system. A control system is a set of electronic devices or elements 00:03:22
that receive information from the sensor, from the outside, from the inputs and generate some 00:03:30
kind of answer, some kind of output. We can distinguish between open loop and closed loop. 00:03:40
In an open loop, the controller, the control, just only can read the input and then proceeds to create an output, but there isn't any importance with the output's values. 00:03:51
What I'm trying to explain is we haven't any feedback in this kind of loop. 00:04:18
One example of this kind of loop can be, for example, our washing machine. 00:04:27
On the other hand, we can have some control loops in which we can take into consideration 00:04:36
the output value to do a feedback and compare with the input signal 00:04:47
by a comparator. The difference between the signal and the input signal 00:05:02
usually called hero and it's what I am going to control indeed. One example of 00:05:15
this kind of loops could be the thermostatic which can control the 00:05:26
temperature in a room, just in one value of temperature. So most of the control systems 00:05:34
usually are electronic, but our world is plenty of different kinds of physical signals. 00:05:53
So the first thing I have to do is transform this physical signal into an electronic one. 00:06:07
And to do that we usually use inputs or we also call it a transductor. 00:06:17
We can divide the transductor into two main groups. 00:06:25
Digital sensors or digital transductor and analogical transductor. It depends of signal. 00:06:32
Example of analogical transductor or sensor could be the LDR which is a variable resistance with the light. 00:06:42
N, T, C, and P, C, D, which are both also resistant, we can modify with temperature, 00:06:57
and potentiometer, which is resistant, which is different with the position, its value is different with the position. 00:07:09
On the other hand, we have also digital sensors like infrared sensors to distinguish between black and white, 00:07:22
ultrasonic sensors that can measure distances, and a button that is a switch that can only be opened or closed. 00:07:35
I think you are going to do a small research of these sensors to know more about the way they work and so on. 00:07:51
So, these sensors should be connected to the boards. One of the boards that is very popular and is very nice and has a lot of applications would be Arduino board. 00:08:13
Arduino is an open-heart electronic platform for prototyping. 00:08:35
It consists of a board with a microcontroller and we connect sensors, actuators and other elements to this board through its analogic and digital inputs and outputs. 00:08:43
And the way you can program Arduino board is very very easy. 00:08:59
So we are going to do some practice with Arduino and I hope you enjoy it. 00:09:08
A control board is an electronic circuit and performs the basic functions of a computer. 00:09:18
So as a computer you usually have a processing unit, a memory, and also inputs and outputs. 00:09:27
I think it is a way that we can create and design robots or control systems. 00:09:39
So we have inputs, sensors, and we also need some outputs. 00:09:53
This is the two outputs that we are going to study this year, both of them are digital, 00:10:01
of LEDs which are very... it's a diode, but it emits light when it's connected 00:10:10
with the polarity with with the proper polarity because a diodo just only can 00:10:35
let pass the current if it is connected well and the other one are several 00:10:46
servo so servo motors which is the more or less the same they are also a digital output and we 00:10:59
also study better in another another day yes it's a motor but it has some specific control system 00:11:10
which can be used with for example one Arduino or so on and we can have two 00:11:27
types of servo motors so it's better for all of us that I I'll explain later 00:11:35
and finally robots which is a machine obviously but this is a very special 00:11:45
machine. Robots are also multifunctional and reprogrammable which means that they 00:11:54
can do more than one task or tasks depends on its programming and it's 00:12:07
because they have they usually have a control board that is very similar to a 00:12:15
computer so in it in this control board there is always a microcontroller or 00:12:24
microprocessor that can do different things we can classify robots there are 00:12:33
a lot of kinds of robots obviously but we are going to classify robots into two 00:12:44
main categories taking into consideration its structure. One are 00:12:53
industrial robots. In industrial robots the structure is very similar to an arm 00:13:00
and you can distinguish a different part that calls the same as the human 00:13:07
such as rice, for example, the last bar of this arm, and on the other hand there is the mobile robots, which can move. 00:13:19
Industrial robots can also be classified, taking into consideration its movements. 00:13:43
So we can have Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical robots. 00:13:55
For example, they can be used in painting or in stores and other different operations. 00:14:03
And mobile robots can be used to explore, for example, other planets and so on. 00:14:28
Well, this is enough for now, I think, and we will study deeply all these 00:14:37
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
ISABEL LAFUENTE
Subido por:
Isabel L.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial
Visualizaciones:
73
Fecha:
11 de octubre de 2018 - 21:14
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES JAIME FERRAN
Duración:
14′ 52″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
1440x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
363.31 MBytes

Del mismo autor…

Ver más del mismo autor

EducaMadrid, Plataforma Educativa de la Comunidad de Madrid

Plataforma Educativa EducaMadrid