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50 Years of EU in the World

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Subido el 8 de agosto de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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The 25th of March 2007 marks the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Rome. The Treaty of Rome was the cornerstone for the European Coal and Steel Community, and it is from the ECSC that the modern European Union emerged. A review of the past 50 years reveals an unprecedented success story: what began as the EEC on 25 March 1957 has grown into a union of 27 Member States which, after so many painful years of war, expulsion and suffering, now unites the continent in peace and ensures a level of prosperity and stability previously unknown in the history of this continent. For fifty years, the European dream has ensured peace on the continent. In a world of global threats and challenges, the Europe of the twenty first century will continue to tackle the current concerns of its citizens such as the economy, quality of life and security. It will also become a stronger global player committed to multilateralism - using its foreign policy tools of aid, trade and economic agreements to promote human rights, democracy, freedom and justice throughout the world.

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By the time the Second World War ended in 1945, Europe was in ruins. 00:00:00
The daunting task of rebuilding and planning a better future began. 00:00:06
The 1950s brought a spirit of new beginnings and Robert Schuman, the French Foreign Minister, 00:00:11
gave a speech outlining a vision of France, West Germany, Italy and the Benelux countries 00:00:17
sharing strategic resources in order to build a lasting peace in Europe. 00:00:22
One year later, at the Treaty of Paris, the European Coal and Steel Community was founded. 00:00:28
A common steel and coal market, with freely set market prices and without import or export 00:00:34
duties. 00:00:40
The first manifestation of the European Community was born. 00:00:41
The need for an external representation for the newly formed European Community was apparent 00:00:46
right from the start. 00:00:51
When Jean Monnet set up a transatlantic office in 1954, the first foundation stone of the 00:00:53
external relations of the European Community was laid. 00:00:58
Europe's first steps to be present in the wider world coincided with the dismantling 00:01:03
of European empires, beginning in 1957 with the independence of Ghana. 00:01:07
The Treaty of Rome that year recognised the relationship of the founding six members to 00:01:13
their overseas territories, mainly in Africa. 00:01:18
A five-year development fund was set up. 00:01:22
This fund was used for capital aid programmes to develop infrastructure, like roads, hospitals 00:01:25
and schools. 00:01:30
Contract teams administering the funds were typically drawn from European engineering 00:01:32
consultancies resident in the countries. 00:01:35
But the old colonial empires were changing, both for the European colonial powers and 00:01:39
the newly independent nations. 00:01:44
The Commission's contract teams soon found themselves dealing with new issues, especially 00:01:48
in Africa, where newly independent countries sought to establish diplomatic relations with 00:01:53
Europe. 00:01:58
During the 1960s, a new relationship was formalised under the Yande Conventions, and a post-colonial 00:02:00
development agreement was established, the European Development Fund. 00:02:07
The contract teams were replaced by a new agency, the European Agency for Cooperation. 00:02:12
From 1965 onwards, 21 offices were established in the associated countries. 00:02:18
These offices were charged with implementing the grant aid of the new fund, dealing mainly 00:02:24
with internal development issues. 00:02:29
In Europe, the effects of the Cold War intensified with the building of what was to become the 00:02:32
iconic symbol of the Cold War, the Berlin Wall. 00:02:37
While in Western Europe, walls were coming down. 00:02:43
In 1968, the Customs Union was completed and goods now passed freely and unchecked 00:02:45
across the borders of the member states. 00:02:51
In the mid-1970s, the first Lomé Convention was signed between Europe and 46 founding 00:02:56
African, Caribbean and Pacific states. 00:03:01
Lomé was a modern international partnership convention, replacing the old post-colonial 00:03:05
model. 00:03:10
Lomé redefined the relationship between Europe and developing countries. 00:03:11
It addressed more than just development cooperation. 00:03:16
Now trade, regional integration, political issues and cultural cooperation were on the 00:03:18
agenda. 00:03:23
European delegation offices were charged specifically with the responsibility of implementing the 00:03:25
Lomé Convention, and the number of these delegations doubled. 00:03:30
The European community continued to grow with the accession of Ireland, the UK and Denmark. 00:03:37
The mid-1970s also saw the signing of community protocols with eight southern and eastern 00:03:43
Mediterranean countries. 00:03:48
The relationship and attention given to Latin America was strengthened when Spain and Portugal 00:03:51
joined. 00:03:55
Stronger ties were also developed in Asia. 00:03:57
Europe became more professional in its dealings with the rest of the world. 00:04:01
An international European personality was steadily being created to deal with the changing 00:04:04
world. 00:04:09
By 1980, there were 50 delegation offices around the world. 00:04:10
Delegations opened at the rate of five a year, as Europe took an increasing role in world 00:04:14
affairs. 00:04:18
The need for a common foreign policy became more pressing, and a common foreign and security 00:04:20
policy was eventually formalised in 1992 by the Maastricht Treaty. 00:04:25
The end of the Cold War forced further changes to foreign policy. 00:04:31
In light of the problems faced by Europe in reacting to the conflicts that erupted after 00:04:36
the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, particularly in the former Yugoslavia, the EU created a 00:04:40
European security and defence policy. 00:04:46
A rethink of the external service led to a major overhaul in 1998, when the Amsterdam 00:04:49
Treaty established the position of High Representative. 00:04:55
We have to move towards a more active and less declaratory foreign policy. 00:04:58
Our words have to be matched by deeds. 00:05:04
Europe began to intensify its efforts to play an international political and security role, 00:05:09
more in line with its economic status. 00:05:14
Military or police forces were now sent to areas of crisis to carry out humanitarian 00:05:17
operations, peacekeeping, crisis management and even peacemaking. 00:05:22
Military action could also be carried out by an EU Rapid Reaction Force. 00:05:28
The fall of the communist regimes also demanded a response, and the EU set up programmes to 00:05:34
help the transition to democratic, market-orientated economies. 00:05:39
The implementation of these programmes coincided with the establishment of new delegation offices 00:05:45
across Central and Eastern Europe. 00:05:49
Europe also looked to its southern and Middle Eastern neighbours. 00:05:53
In 1995, the 15 member states of the EU came together with 12 governments from the region. 00:05:57
The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership promoted democracy, human rights and cooperation among 00:06:04
the partners. 00:06:09
Now in 2007, the EU has expanded to 27 member states, effectively pushing the European border 00:06:11
further east to a new set of neighbours. 00:06:18
The European Neighbourhood Policy emerged to help the EU's neighbours benefit from the 00:06:21
possibilities offered by an enlarged EU, and to support their own reforms. 00:06:26
Today, the EU is the world's largest donor of development assistance, accounting for 00:06:31
more than half of the world's official aid. 00:06:37
The external service has 130 delegations and 5,000 members of staff, presenting, explaining 00:06:40
and implementing the EU's external policy. 00:06:47
Today, Europe has a global reach, facilitating trade and development, supporting human rights 00:06:51
and free elections in order to promote democratic values. 00:06:57
We have to work with all our partners in order to make issues go forward and thus bring the 00:07:01
international community together. 00:07:10
The more we can do, the more effective we will be. This is what we call effective multilateralism. 00:07:12
For 50 years, the European dream has ensured peace on the continent. In a world of global 00:07:19
threats and challenges, the Europe of the 21st century will continue to tackle the current 00:07:24
concerns of its citizens, such as the economy, quality of life and security. 00:07:29
It will also become a stronger global player committed to multilateralism. Using its foreign 00:07:35
policy tools of aid, trade and economic agreements to promote human rights, democracy, freedom 00:07:40
and justice throughout the world. 00:07:47
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
The European Union
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
665
Fecha:
8 de agosto de 2007 - 13:56
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
European Commission
Duración:
07′ 52″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
448x336 píxeles
Tamaño:
40.20 MBytes

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