Saltar navegación

Activa JavaScript para disfrutar de los vídeos de la Mediateca.

Spain in the XIX Century - Contenido educativo

Ajuste de pantalla

El ajuste de pantalla se aprecia al ver el vídeo en pantalla completa. Elige la presentación que más te guste:

Subido el 20 de mayo de 2020 por Cp amadordelosrios madrid

118 visualizaciones

Más información Transcripción

Descargar la transcripción

In 1788, Charles IV became king of Spain. He left his valido Manuel Godoy in control of the government. At the beginning of the 19th century, Godoy allowed Napoleon to pass throughout Spain so he could conquer Portugal. 00:00:13
The French took control of Spain instead. Napoleon took King Charles IV and his family to France. Napoleon named Jose I his brother king of Spain. 00:00:29
On the 2nd of May, 1808, many villagers in Madrid rebelled against the French soldiers who were there. 00:00:42
Spain, Great Britain and Portugal united units to fight against the Napoleonic Empire until 1830. 00:00:51
The Spanish weakened Napoleon's army by forming guerrillas. 00:01:03
During the war, the High Court in Cadiz created the Constitution of 1812. 00:01:13
This was the first liberal constitution which made all Spanish people equal before the law and eliminated absolutists. 00:01:21
The reign of Ferdinand VII 00:01:33
Ferdinand VII ruled from 1814 to 1833. 00:01:40
He was an absolutist king and wanted to revoke the constitution of Cádiz, but the colonel 00:01:44
Trego forced him to keep it during three years. 00:01:50
Before his death, Ferdinand VII revoked the Salic law. 00:01:54
This allowed his daughter, Isabella II, to take the throne after him, but many people 00:01:58
didn't want it and supported his brother Charles. 00:02:03
These people were called Carlists. 00:02:07
The reign of Isabella II 00:02:16
Before Isabella II ruled, her mother and the general Espartelo controlled the country. 00:02:18
When she was 13 she started ruling, but the country was unstable due to the two girlish wars 00:02:24
and because the leaders that supported the queen were divided into two groups, 00:02:33
moderates that wanted to give more power to the queen and progressives that wanted to give more power to the high court. 00:02:38
In 1868, Isabella II abdicated. 00:02:45
When Isabella II abdicated, the democratic period began. 00:02:52
This was led by a liberal progressive group that supported universal male suffrage. 00:03:01
The High Court chose an Italian named Amadeo de Savoia. 00:03:07
In 1873, Amadeo I abdicated the throne. 00:03:12
He declared the first republic and established a federal regime, supported by the middle 00:03:17
class that hoped to improve the poor working conditions of laborers. 00:03:23
Great instability was caused by the cantonal revolution, the Cuban war and the Third Carlist 00:03:28
War. 00:03:35
A military coup put an end to the republic and Alfonso XII restored the monarchy. 00:03:36
Restoration Alfonso XII's regime began in 1875. 00:03:47
His ideas were represented in the Constitution of 1876, only males with high incomes were 00:03:58
elected to vote. 00:04:05
In order to stabilize the political situation, Alfonso XII devised political alternation. 00:04:06
was alternated between the Conservative Party, Canovas and the Liberal Party, led by Sergasta. 00:04:16
For this to be possible, the electoral results were manipulated. This was the job of classicists, 00:04:22
powerful landowners and politicians in rural areas that pressured farm workers to vote in favor of 00:04:29
their interests. The Carleys, the Republicans and labor movements, socialists and anarchists 00:04:36
and the majority of academics were opposed to this political system. 00:04:42
They supported the revival of Spain through education and cultural development. 00:04:48
The Regency of Maria Cristina, from 1885 to 1902. 00:05:00
When Alfonso XII died, his wife, Maria Cristina of Hapsburg, took control of the throne until 00:05:05
her son, Alfonso XIII, was old enough to rule. 00:05:13
Even this time, there were some democratic advances, such as the return of universal 00:05:19
male suffrage in 1890. 00:05:24
But the most important was the Crisis of 98. 00:05:26
This occurred in 1898, as the consequence of the war with the United States. 00:05:29
Spain lost the last remaining colonies, Cuba, Puerto Rico and Philippines. 00:05:35
This event is considered to be the end of the Spanish Empire. 00:05:40
It led to the Spanish citizens feeling negative about the country. 00:05:44
The 19th century was a period of social and economic growth. 00:05:47
Agriculture continued to be the main industrial activity. 00:05:59
Economic transformation. 00:06:04
Two-thirds of the population worked in agriculture, but the results were minimal. 00:06:05
To improve the situation, an expropriated land opening by the courts and city municipalities 00:06:12
was actuated off. 00:06:18
The situation did not improve as hoped, and there were frequent farm worker revelations. 00:06:21
Commerce progressed thanks to the development of railways, the telegraph, roads, canals and ports. 00:06:30
To improve the country's finances, the National Bank of Spain established the peseta as the country's sole currency. 00:06:41
Social transformation 00:06:51
In the 19th century a lot of people were poor, due to it many people emigrated to coastal cities and not live. 00:06:59
The class system changed to capitalist classes. 00:07:07
The living class was formed by bourgeoisies, mainly by smiths and landowners. 00:07:11
The middle class was formed by small militants, civil servants and professionals. 00:07:18
The lower class, that was the 80% of the population, was formed by farm workers and industrial 00:07:24
laborers. 00:07:34
The people lived in terrible conditions, with long work hours, low salaries and solitary 00:07:35
housing and illiteracy. 00:07:44
Then, the first political organizations, anarchists and social unions appeared in order to improve the life conditions of the low class. 00:07:46
Painting in the 19th century began with Francisco de Goya. He was the chosen painter for the Bourbon royal family and also José Bonaparte. 00:07:58
He paints descents from the Spanish War of Independence and inspired the Romantic and Impressionist movements. 00:08:18
The architecture was based on historical styles such as Neogothic or Neo-modern. 00:08:26
Classical architecture like the Congress of Deputies building in Madrid was also important. 00:08:32
Cultural movements 00:08:39
In Romanticism, both theatre and poetry were important. 00:08:41
Famous authors were Lara and Zerrilla. In reality, the writing of novels became very significant. 00:08:46
Famous writers from this period were Galdós, Valera and Clarín. 00:08:54
The generation of 98 was a group of writers and intellectuals who had a pessimistic view of Spain after the crisis of 98. 00:09:05
of 98. They believed that the system should be improved. The most representative of this 00:09:14
generation were Miguel de la Juno and Antonio Machado. During the 19th century, educational 00:09:20
advances were achieved because of the Moyano Law. The achievements included the reduction 00:09:37
of illiteracy and the organization of education into three levels. It was also obligatory 00:09:42
to educate all girls over 6 years old. Many private activities with different educational 00:09:48
ideas began to appear. 00:09:55
The free institution of teaching, modernized education and men and women could study together 00:09:57
in the classroom. 00:10:02
Many artifacts from the church were given to museums, universities and libraries for 00:10:03
social use. 00:10:09
Collections began, exhibitions opened to the public and public museums were created, like 00:10:10
the Prado Museum of Arts or the National Archaeological Museum. 00:10:16
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
Alma, Isabel, Lucía & María
Subido por:
Cp amadordelosrios madrid
Licencia:
Todos los derechos reservados
Visualizaciones:
118
Fecha:
20 de mayo de 2020 - 10:28
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
CP INF-PRI AMADOR DE LOS RIOS
Duración:
10′ 40″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
171.26 MBytes

Del mismo autor…

Ver más del mismo centro

EducaMadrid, Plataforma Educativa de la Comunidad de Madrid

Plataforma Educativa EducaMadrid