Invisible Women in History: Artemisia Gentileschi

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So today I'm going to talk about this girl right here who is Artemisia Gentileschi. 00:00:00

She was a painter and she was born in 1593 in Rome and is the daughter of Horacio Gentileschi 00:00:06

who was a painter too. 00:00:12

In fact, she learned how to paint in her father's workroom and was inspired by Caravaggio who 00:00:14

was a very influential painter at that time. 00:00:22

She was an artist of exceptional talent and you can see that because she was the first 00:00:25

woman to enter the Academy of Bellas Artes of Florence, where Miguel Ángel, who is this 00:00:30

guy, had studied too. She suffered from indifference and rejection from the people around her and 00:00:36

she also overcame the humiliation that most of her paintings and works, if not every work 00:00:44

she had done, were attributed to other men or even her father. Nowadays, last year, she 00:00:50

She was dedicated an exposition in the Braschi Palace, which was called Artemisia and her 00:00:58

time. 00:01:05

And here you can see Susana y los viejos, which is a painting she painted and I'm going 00:01:06

to talk about it later. 00:01:12

So now you'll be wondering why she's famous or why is she important. 00:01:15

Well, everything started with this man right here, who is Agostino Tassi. 00:01:21

He was a painter that was hired with her father, Horacio, to paint the frescoes of the Casa 00:01:27

de las Musas, for example this one that is in the garden. 00:01:36

The frescoes are a type of paintings in the walls. 00:01:41

So they were hired to paint it together and when Horacio got enough confidence to invite 00:01:45

Agostino into his home, Agostino raped Artemisia when she was 18 years old. 00:01:52

So a year later, in 1611, she reported it, but as she had waited so long to do it, people 00:01:58

started thinking it was fake and she only wanted to get attention and eventually everybody 00:02:07

around her thought she was a liar. 00:02:14

In 1612, the 27th of November, 27th, 28th, Agostino was declared guilty of raping her and his sentence was five years of exile. 00:02:17

And here you can see a bit of a book written about the sentence, which says it would be reformulated on the following day, the 28th of November. 00:02:33

and this sentence no longer mentioned the galleys nor the fine of 200 scudi, 00:02:45

which was the coin for Italy back then, 00:02:51

nor even the possibility of reprisals against Horacio Gentileschi. 00:02:57

And though the sentence was confirmed, it was now limited in duration to only five years of exile, 00:03:01

which basically means that most of the things Agostino had to do 00:03:06

to compensate the rape were omitted in the sentence because he was a man so it was less 00:03:13

important. Now she married a guy named Pierantonio Statesi two days after the sentence to recover 00:03:21

her reputation but by the time she married him she portrayed she had already been portraying 00:03:33

women as strong, powerful, heroes, suffering women in her paintings. 00:03:40

For example, Susana and Los Viejos, the one which was in the exposition of the Braski 00:03:47

Palace. 00:03:52

You can see here Susana and two guys wanted to have relationships with her, but she's 00:03:53

portrayed as a powerful woman that was rejecting them and you can see that she's not even thinking 00:04:02

about saying yes. But her most famous work is Judith decapitando Olofernes and the story 00:04:10

behind this painting is Olofernes, who was a general of the Assyrians, which was a zone 00:04:19

in northern Mesopotamia, wanted to have sex with Judith but she didn't, so when he got 00:04:28

drunk and fell asleep, she and her servant beheaded him. So some 00:04:36

psychological studies say that this picture is believed to be a sign of 00:04:45

revenge for Agostina's rape because the strokes are made with violence so people 00:04:51

belief, she made it to show revenge to Agostino. So later, when she died in 1654 in Naples, 00:04:59

she was forgotten, all her paintings were forgotten, her rape was forgotten, everything 00:05:11

was forgotten about her, but then in mid 20th century, not until then, did she start getting 00:05:16

appreciation by the people again and even in 1960 and 1970 between those decades she was a symbol of 00:05:24

a gender fight and an icon of feminism so that was all and i hope you enjoyed 00:05:36

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