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CARLOS I - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 30 de enero de 2024 por Alicia M.

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Charles I of Spain and V of Germany, the Holy Roman Emperor. 00:00:00
Charles I was the first king of the Habsburg dynasty in Spain. 00:00:06
He is the only king in history who could be considered to be the emperor of the Old and New Worlds. 00:00:11
He is also considered to be the trailblazer for Europe as it is today. 00:00:17
Charles I of Spain and V of Germany was born in the Belgian city of Ghent in 1500. 00:00:22
He was the son of Juana of Castile, Juana la Loca, and Philip of Habsburg, Philip the Handsome, 00:00:29
and grandson of both the Catholic kings and of Maximilian I, the Holy Roman Emperor. 00:00:36
He inherited a vast empire, from his maternal grandparents, the Catholic kings, 00:00:43
the crowns of Castile and Aragon, with their possessions in America, Mexico and Peru, 00:00:48
Italy and some parts of North Africa. 00:00:54
From his grandfather, Maximilian, he inherited Austria, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and the Franche-Comté, 00:00:58
as well as the rights to the title of Holy Roman Emperor, 00:01:06
which included the territories of what is nowadays Central Europe. 00:01:09
Charles I spent his early years in the Netherlands, 00:01:14
where he was educated in a French-speaking atmosphere under the tutelage of Adrien of Utrecht, 00:01:17
rector of the University of Louvain, who later would become Pope Adrien VI. 00:01:24
The death of his grandfather, Fernando the Catholic, opened the doors of the Spanish court to him. 00:01:30
He arrived in Spain in 1517, landing at the small Asturian port of Tathones. 00:01:36
In 1518, with the permission of his mother, Juana la Loca, the Queen in captivity, 00:01:43
as well as the agreement of the courts of Castile and Aragon, he was proclaimed King of Spain. 00:01:49
In 1520, on the death of his grandfather Maximilian, he was proclaimed Holy Roman Emperor, 00:01:55
with his coronation taking place in the German city of Aachen, 00:02:02
where he solemnly promised to defend the Catholic religion from Protestantism. 00:02:06
During his long reign of nearly 40 years, Charles I had to deal with a number of conflicts, 00:02:11
both in Spain and also abroad. 00:02:18
In Spain there were three serious incidents. 00:02:22
The rebellion of the Comuneros of Castile, who revolted against the tax increase implemented by the King, 00:02:25
which culminated in the execution of the Comuneros Bravo, Padilla and Maldonado, 00:02:31
after their defeat at the Battle of Villalar. 00:02:37
The revolt of the Brotherhoods in Valencia and Mallorca, 00:02:40
over the loss of privileges of craftsmen and guilds with regard to the nobility. 00:02:44
The attempt by Francisca I, King of France, to invade the Kingdom of Navarra, 00:02:49
taking advantage of the weak state of Spain, as a result of the Comuneros rebellion. 00:02:55
In Europe, the main conflicts which Charles I had to deal with were 00:03:01
the continuing conflict with Francisca I, who invaded Milanesado, 00:03:06
but was defeated by the Spanish army at the Battle of Pavia, 00:03:12
where even the French king was captured and taken to Madrid. 00:03:16
The various conflicts with the Clementine League, encouraged by Pope Clement VII, 00:03:20
which ended with the Imperial army taking Rome and signing an alliance with the Republic of Genoa, 00:03:26
in such a way that in 1530 Pope Clement crowned Charles I Holy Roman Emperor. 00:03:33
The problem with the Ottoman Empire of Suleiman the Magnificent, 00:03:41
who invaded Hungary in 1526, although in 1529, 00:03:45
Fernando of Austria, Charles I's brother, managed to stop Vienna being conquered by the Turks. 00:03:51
In 1532 the Turks besieged Vienna again, 00:03:58
but this time, when Suleiman found out that Charles himself was approaching with his powerful army, 00:04:02
he retreated without a fight. 00:04:09
The consolidation of the Schmalkaldic League of the Protestant Princes, 00:04:12
who Charles defeated in 1547 at the Battle of Mühlberg. 00:04:16
Despite these and other victories, Charles V's fight against Islam 00:04:22
lacked the support of Francisco I of France. 00:04:26
In 1538 the Emperor, thinking he was supported by France, 00:04:30
created the Holy League with the Pope and the Republic of Venice. 00:04:35
After the heroic resistance of the Spanish troops in Castelnuovo 00:04:40
couldn't stop the victory of the Ottomans, 00:04:44
Francisco I of France warned Charles that he would not support a Christian attack against the Turks. 00:04:47
Charles abandoned the crusade, in effect leaving the Holy League. 00:04:54
During the reign of Charles I, Spain grew and consolidated its dominion and colonization of America. 00:04:59
Hernán Cortés defeated the Aztec Empire, 00:05:06
and Pizarro conquered Peru and founded its capital, Lima. 00:05:10
Between 1519 and 1522 the great challenge of the first voyage around the world was completed, 00:05:15
started by the Portuguese sailor Magallanes and finished by the Basque, Juan Sebastián Elcano. 00:05:22
In 1556 Charles abdicated as King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor 00:05:30
and retired to the monastery of Usti, where he died in the summer of 1558. 00:05:36
On his death the empire was divided in two. 00:05:42
On one hand, the Holy Roman Empire was inherited by his brother, Fernando I of Habsburg. 00:05:47
On the other, the territories of Spain, Flanders, America and Italy 00:05:53
were left in the hands of his son, Philip II, from Charles' marriage to Isabel of Portugal. 00:05:59
Thank you for watching! 00:06:16
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
5
Fecha:
30 de enero de 2024 - 21:14
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
06′ 17″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
156.88 MBytes

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