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2º ESO/WHICH COUNTRIES ARE SHRINKING POPULATION - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 14 de abril de 2021 por Alicia M.

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By 2050, the world is expected to house nearly 10 billion people, prompting concerns over 00:00:00
lack of natural resources, increased global temperatures, and food shortages. 00:00:05
It's not unusual to hear about the threat of the rapidly growing global population. 00:00:14
On average, each country is seeing their population grow by about 1.25% per year. 00:00:19
But a number of countries have the opposite problem, a population that is rapidly decreasing, 00:00:24
giving way to its own set of challenges. 00:00:29
So which countries have shrinking populations? 00:00:32
Although the reasons for a shrinking population vary, the consequences are almost always the 00:00:35
same. 00:00:40
Fewer people leads to a smaller workforce, slowing economic development, and a massive 00:00:41
public debt. 00:00:45
Well, the worst cases of population decline can be found in Eastern Europe, where many 00:00:46
countries will see their population drop by more than 15% over the next three decades. 00:00:50
The most extreme case is Bulgaria, where the population is expected to be roughly 30% smaller 00:00:55
by 2060. 00:01:00
That translates to 164 fewer people per day, or 60,000 per year. 00:01:02
Not far behind Bulgaria is Moldova, which loses just over 1% of its population annually 00:01:07
and has a death rate akin to war-torn countries in Africa. 00:01:11
Over the last three decades, the populations of these and other Eastern European countries 00:01:16
have plummeted for almost identical reasons. 00:01:20
With the fall of the Soviet Union and subsequent economic collapse, many Bulgarians and Moldovans 00:01:24
were left financially insecure and thus hesitant to have children. 00:01:28
Although the fertility rate in both countries has improved somewhat since then, it's still 00:01:33
relatively low, at roughly 1.4 births per woman. 00:01:37
In comparison, the global average is 2.5 births per woman, and roughly 2.1 is needed to maintain 00:01:41
their populations. 00:01:48
Today, the biggest threats to Bulgaria and Moldova's populations are emigration and 00:01:49
a large proportion of elderly residents. 00:01:54
Both countries also suffer from brain drain when skilled and educated citizens leave in 00:01:57
search of better opportunities. 00:02:02
In Bulgaria, it's estimated that 20 percent of college students study abroad, and of those, 00:02:04
roughly 80 percent stay abroad. 00:02:10
The governments of Bulgaria and Moldova have launched aggressive campaigns to combat population 00:02:12
decline, which include financial incentives for having more children and job opportunities 00:02:17
to lure back expats. 00:02:22
However, nothing thus far has been very successful. 00:02:23
But perhaps surprisingly, the country facing the greatest threat is Japan. 00:02:27
According to a government report, Japan's population is expected to cut in half over 00:02:31
the next 66 years, primarily due to its low birth rate. 00:02:36
Experts say the problem is one of economics. 00:02:39
Cost of living is high, especially in cities where more and more Japanese are living. 00:02:42
What's more, people of childbearing age are working long hours, leaving them little 00:02:47
time to raise a child. 00:02:51
The problem has gotten so dire, the Japanese government allocated nearly $30 million to 00:02:53
lifting birth rates. 00:02:57
This is in addition to a number of work-life balance policies that foster shorter hours, 00:02:59
telecommuting and parental leave. 00:03:04
The government even funds matchmakers, dating services and singles parties in the hopes 00:03:06
that young people will marry and eventually have babies. 00:03:11
In Japan, as well as Eastern Europe, public officials are already preparing for an economic 00:03:14
fallout. 00:03:19
The bottom line is, fewer people in a country means there are fewer people spending money, 00:03:20
working and paying taxes. 00:03:25
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Japan's population crisis is sparking a social phenomenon known as hikikomori. 00:03:45
To learn more about why Japanese youth are checking out a society, watch our video here. 00:03:50
Additionally, most Japanese youths are expected to provide for their families, putting tremendous 00:03:56
stress and pressure on them to succeed. 00:04:00
The weak economy also puts a strain on relationships, as many Japanese women refuse to date unemployed 00:04:02
men, considering them weak and effeminate. 00:04:07
Thank you for watching TestTube News, please don't forget to like and subscribe for new 00:04:10
videos every day. 00:04:13
Wow. 00:04:15
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
270
Fecha:
14 de abril de 2021 - 19:20
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
04′ 19″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
34.62 MBytes

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