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Viking Navigation

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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Third segment of NASA Sci Files The Case of the Technical Knockout explaining how the vikings navigated the Atlantic Ocean without the use of modern technology.

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I'm in Oslo, Norway for the World Year of Physics, but now I'm studying some of the 00:00:00
history and culture of this great country. 00:00:08
Wow, I'd better get to the Viking Ship Museum for my video conference. 00:00:23
I've got to hand it to the Vikings. 00:00:41
How they found their way across the Atlantic Ocean without maps is amazing. 00:00:46
Well, they didn't have maps like ours, but they were pretty sophisticated navigators. 00:00:50
Hi, Dr. D. I was beginning to wonder if you were going to find the museum. 00:00:55
Well, it's easy to get distracted when you're doing research. 00:00:59
And soon I'll be going to Andanus about the Arctic Circle to see the Northern Lights. 00:01:02
Dr. D., isn't the Alomar LiDAR Observatory in Andanus? 00:01:06
Yes, but how do you know about the Observatory in Andanus? 00:01:09
Ulla and Nina, some of our fellow geocachers, live there. 00:01:12
And they also happen to be members of the NASA Sci-Files Kids Club. 00:01:15
That's cool. If you send me their coordinates, I can meet them. 00:01:18
Speaking of coordinates, as I mentioned in my email, I have some questions about the history of navigation. 00:01:22
Where do you want to start? 00:01:27
Didn't the Vikings discover America about 1000 A.D., long before Columbus? 00:01:28
That's right. The Vikings were excellent navigators and shipbuilders. 00:01:33
This Viking ship, made of oak, is called the Oseberg. 00:01:37
It is 22 meters long and was likely the burial ship of a Viking queen. 00:01:40
The Gokstad was probably built around 890 A.D. 00:01:46
In addition to sails, it also had 16 pairs of oars. 00:01:50
In 1893, a replica of the Gokstad sailed from Norway to Canada in 28 days, without the aid of a compass. 00:01:54
Wow, that's amazing! 00:02:03
Shh! 00:02:05
How do they navigate without a compass? 00:02:07
The Vikings probably used stars to navigate. 00:02:09
A star named Polaris, which is located above the Earth's north pole, can be used to find north. 00:02:11
I know. Polaris is sometimes called the North Star. 00:02:16
It's always in the same place in the sky, and you use the Big Dipper to find it. 00:02:19
Very good. But when the Vikings sailed in the summer months, they would have had difficulty finding the North Star. 00:02:23
Why is that? 00:02:28
Because Norway is so far north, there are places where the sun never sets in the summer. 00:02:29
That's why it's called the Land of the Midnight Sun. 00:02:34
Even in southern Norway, it doesn't get really dark at night. 00:02:36
Dr. D., how would they navigate without a compass or the use of the stars? 00:02:39
Lots of ways. For example, they relied upon landmarks. 00:02:43
They used ocean currents, prevailing winds and swells, and they observed the migrations of birds and whales to find their way. 00:02:46
Is it possible that they used the sun? 00:02:53
Yes, they apparently used the sun's shadow and the rising and setting positions of the sun to find north. 00:02:55
Okay, and if there are clouds? 00:03:00
Some people think they used a sunstone to locate the rising or setting sun when there were clouds on the horizon. 00:03:03
I have a piece right here. 00:03:09
How does it work? 00:03:10
It's called Iceland's bar. 00:03:11
Put a dot on top and look through it, you'll see two dots. 00:03:13
You rotate it until both dots are equally dark, then the crystal points toward the sun. 00:03:18
That's pretty ingenious. 00:03:24
Of course they would have loved modern navigational technology like this sextant, a seagoing clock, or especially a GPS. 00:03:26
Our GPS, however, is causing us some problems. 00:03:34
What do you mean? 00:03:37
It's giving us lots of random coordinates, even when we're not moving. 00:03:38
Interesting. It makes it hard to find a cache. 00:03:42
I have a friend at NASA Langley Research Center who works a lot with global positioning systems. 00:03:45
I'll email you his information. I'm sure he can help you. 00:03:50
Until then, I can tell you where to get a good sunstone. 00:03:53
Thanks, Dr. D, but after I finish my research, I think I'll just give him a call. 00:03:57
What about this one? 00:04:04
If we were putting Jacob's bike in our cache, I'd say great. 00:04:06
Remember, we have to hide this when we're finished. 00:04:10
Plus, I'll never get that on the plane. 00:04:12
Hmm, I wonder what my profit margin would be for these plastic containers in a yard sale. 00:04:15
Note to self, investigate long-term investment potential in plastics. 00:04:21
Did you read Bianca and Jacob's get-up-and-go sheets? 00:04:25
Yes, and we still need to learn about how satellites and GPS work if we want to complete our assignment. 00:04:28
Dr. D mentioned talking to a friend of his at NASA. 00:04:33
Yes, maybe we can meet him after we finish making our geocache. 00:04:36
And finding supplies for your camping trip. 00:04:39
By the way, how is it possible that you get to go on a camping trip to Colorado? 00:04:42
Isn't that expensive? 00:04:47
These, Catherine, are the benefits of being on the board of a high-profile financial institution. 00:04:48
You're a member of the board? 00:04:53
Well, no, my mom is. 00:04:56
She's taking me camping after our meetings. 00:04:59
I'll tell you all the details when you take me to the airport. 00:05:01
I can't take you to the airport. I can't drive yet. 00:05:04
Oh, right. 00:05:07
Note to self, also investigate investment opportunities in transportation companies. 00:05:09
So what's up? How will the treehouse detectives find the geocache? 00:05:19
What should they do if their GPS devices go out again? 00:05:23
Find out in the next exciting chapter of The Case of the Technical Knockout. 00:05:26
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
746
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 15:34
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
05′ 32″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
33.23 MBytes

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