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Government and Economy - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 28 de abril de 2023 por Luis H.

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I'm going, hello, I'm going, I'm Candela and I'm going to explain point four medieval cities, 00:00:00
government and economy. 00:00:09
So, I'm going to explain city government. 00:00:10
Initially, city depended on the lay or ecclesiastical lords. 00:00:16
The abuses of these lords led the religious people to claim the right to govern themselves. 00:00:21
They created associations called communes that fought to obtain communal charters or 00:00:28
judications from lords or kings which would warranty their rights and allow them to form 00:00:34
an autonomous government. 00:00:42
After gaining freedom, the government of the city was the communal council that was elected 00:00:45
by the citizens. 00:00:50
It was responsible for collecting taxes and protecting and defending the city. 00:00:52
The communal council delegated executive power to the major judges or burgomasters that met 00:00:58
in a building which was the town or city hall. 00:01:04
Soon, these positions were sided by the richest or most influential families thus constituting 00:01:07
an urban aristocracy. 00:01:14
Now I'm going to explain point four, no, 4.2 about guilds and craftsmen. 00:01:19
So city craftsmen worked in small workshops located in their houses where they sold handicrafts. 00:01:25
Those of the same trade would set themselves up in the same street which then received 00:01:34
the name of the trade such as shoemakers, cutlers, breakers, silversmiths or wavers. 00:01:40
They were organizing guilds or associations of artisans of the same trade. 00:01:46
Their objectives were to control production thus avoiding competition by regulating the 00:01:51
working hours, the prices, the quality of the goods and the holidays. 00:01:56
They also paid dues to protect sick members, widows and orphans. 00:02:03
In this picture we can see a craftsman's house and in the flat floor it has the shop 00:02:10
facing to the street and the workshop. 00:02:17
The members of the guilds were classified in three categories, the master craftsman, 00:02:24
the young man and the apprentice. 00:02:28
The master craftsman was the owner of the workshop and was the expert on his field of 00:02:30
handicrafts. 00:02:37
To reach this position he had to have several experience and produce a piece, a qualifying 00:02:39
piece of work called the masterpiece. 00:02:51
The young man received a salary for the work and the apprentice was not paid and lived 00:02:54
with the master craftsman while he was learning the trade. 00:03:02
Now I'm going to explain the rise of national trade. 00:03:11
So trade revived in the 11th century. 00:03:14
In the 11th century this revival was aided to the rise in both agricultural and artisanal 00:03:16
production. 00:03:24
The increasing amount of money due to the discovery of silver mines and the increased 00:03:25
security in the roads because of aggregate. 00:03:30
Trade was classified in two parts, local business and long distance trade. 00:03:41
Local business was conducted at homes, workshops and weekly markets where farmers from the 00:03:46
region sold their agricultural goods and handicrafts. 00:03:52
Long distance trade was conducted at fairs that were yearly gatherings in certain cities 00:03:58
where goods from distant places would be sold. 00:04:03
The revival of long distance trade produced prosperous commercial centers where products 00:04:08
brought by the sea from distant lands were sold. 00:04:15
In the Mediterranean coast, Venice, Genoa, Florence, Pisa, Marseille and Barcelona were 00:04:18
sold. 00:04:26
In Northern Europe the most important centers were in Lackwell, Hamburg, Vienna and Bruges. 00:04:27
This intense commercial activity boosted the creation of trade associations such as guilds 00:04:33
and handsets and payments in currency enveloped exchanges and as the emerge of bankers and 00:04:39
money exchangers. 00:04:48
Autor/es:
Candela Miró� (2ESOF) 2019/2020:
Subido por:
Luis H.
Licencia:
Todos los derechos reservados
Visualizaciones:
7
Fecha:
28 de abril de 2023 - 14:02
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
04′ 58″
Relación de aspecto:
2.03:1
Resolución:
1824x900 píxeles
Tamaño:
73.78 MBytes

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