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Variables Affect Shapes - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Connect segment explaining how different forces affect aircraft. The video also explores team work and engineering for conducting research.

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Well gang, as you can see, designing and building an airplane takes an awful lot of work. 00:00:00
And among that it takes some problem solving strategies. 00:00:18
Now that means you've got to be able to identify and understand just what the question or problem 00:00:21
is so you can begin to investigate it. 00:00:26
Right now, you're going to meet some of today's researchers who are involved in the shapes 00:00:29
of flight. 00:00:32
As you meet this research team, consider the role of mathematics and mathematical tools 00:00:34
in scientific inquiry, the value of collaborations and teamwork in conducting research, and the 00:00:38
engineering process and its application in everyday life. 00:00:45
The leader of this design team is Mike Logan. 00:00:49
Airplane design is a team effort. 00:00:52
Like any good team, every job is important. 00:00:54
As project engineer, it's my job to shepherd the aircraft through its stages in the lifecycle. 00:00:56
To define the problem, let's look at a current challenge. 00:01:02
Twenty years from now, NASA wants an airplane that will carry twice as many passengers as 00:01:05
today's airliners and transport them to their destination at half the cost. 00:01:09
That's a big challenge, especially when you consider that the airplanes of the future 00:01:13
will have to be quieter, safer, more fuel efficient, and more environmentally friendly. 00:01:17
The next step in the process then is to propose solutions. 00:01:22
This is Paul Gellhausen. 00:01:26
He's one of our designers on our team. 00:01:27
Paul, why don't you talk about one of the solutions you're working on? 00:01:28
Well, the solution that's up here is the blended wing body concept. 00:01:31
It's a radical change from the 747 type airplane, which is a tube with wings. 00:01:35
We've gotten rid of the bumps and some of the bulges that are on the traditional airplane 00:01:42
that has a glide ratio of about 18, and put them into a much more clean aerodynamic shape 00:01:46
that will have a glide ratio of 23, we hope. 00:01:53
Thanks, Paul. 00:01:57
Step three in the engineering problem solving method is to analyze and evaluate solutions. 00:01:58
To do that in the airplane world, we think about the four basic forces on an airplane, 00:02:04
lift, drag, thrust, and weight. 00:02:08
Those four forces have to be in balance for the airplane to work. 00:02:11
To do that, we turn to experts in the field. 00:02:15
This is Karen Deer. 00:02:18
She's one of our nozzle researchers that helps us look at thrust. 00:02:19
Karen, why don't you talk about what a nozzle researcher does? 00:02:22
I design and research nozzle concepts to determine which is the best candidate for generating 00:02:25
thrust for an airplane. 00:02:30
Sir Isaac Newton's third principle, which states for every action there's an equal and 00:02:32
opposite reaction, helps us understand thrust. 00:02:35
If we use a balloon to demonstrate this, we allow the air inside the balloon to escape 00:02:38
through the opening. 00:02:44
We see the motion of the balloon in the opposite direction. 00:02:45
A nozzle can be compared to the opening of a balloon. 00:02:48
Changing the size changes the amount of thrust generated. 00:02:51
Nozzles have different shapes, just like airplanes have different shapes. 00:02:55
There's always trade-offs in the design process. 00:02:58
There certainly are, Karen. 00:03:00
In fact, one of the trade-offs that we look at is the cost required to achieve the capability 00:03:02
that we want to have. 00:03:07
Sharon Jones is one of the people that helps evaluate these concepts from a cost standpoint. 00:03:09
Sharon, why don't you talk a little bit about that? 00:03:13
Well, Mike, what we do is we create a model of the aircraft on a computer so that way 00:03:15
we can go in and change different aspects of the aircraft. 00:03:21
We can look at what type of materials are we going to use, how big is the aircraft going 00:03:25
to be, how many passengers will it carry, and also how much it's going to cost for the 00:03:30
airlines to operate the aircraft. 00:03:35
Thanks, Sharon. 00:03:37
The last step in the process is to select and refine the solution. 00:03:38
We'll take a look at that in a moment, but first, let's check in with Shelly and Van 00:03:42
where he's getting his own lesson on the balance of the four forces of flight. 00:03:46
I'm getting suited up in my hang glider outfit thing here, and yeah, all righty. 00:03:50
I'm going to get hooked up here, getting ready for my first flight, and I guess we'll catch 00:03:57
you all later. 00:04:03
Back to you, Shelly. 00:04:04
Well, it looks like Van is getting some final instructions before he's going to find himself 00:04:06
airborne. 00:04:10
And me, I'm going to change my clothes, and I'll meet you back at the Connect Studio. 00:04:11
And you guys, I'm sending you first on a final check, and I'm going to send you to check 00:04:15
out the most powerful tool used by aeronautical engineers when they're doing their investigations. 00:04:20
That tool? 00:04:25
The wind tunnel, such as those found at NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. 00:04:26
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Idioma/s:
en
Materias:
Matemáticas
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
266
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 16:51
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
04′ 32″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
27.30 MBytes

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