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CEV 2ESO - 13 Moral dilemmas in medicine - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 21 de julio de 2023 por César Pedro P.

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Moral dilemmas in medicine

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In this unit we will talk about science, technology and ethics, and we will refer 00:00:00
especially to medicine and the moral challenges that it implies. Science and 00:00:05
technology are two different areas. Science tries to understand how the 00:00:12
world is. That's, for example, what physicists do when they try to explain 00:00:17
why the Sun shines. Technology, on the other hand, tries to invent machines, 00:00:23
objects that help us. For example, when engineers invent a new car. Nowadays 00:00:28
science and technology are together, so we talk about technoscience. For example, 00:00:34
that's what happens in medicine. Medicine today has evolved so much that it has 00:00:40
created a new area of research called biomedicine. That's the use of live cells 00:00:45
for scientific and technological purposes. But not everything that we can 00:00:53
do in science and technology is positive and good. That's why we must establish 00:01:00
limits to what scientists and engineers can do. Let me give you an example. 00:01:05
Imagine a doctor has invented a new medicine and wants to try it on his 00:01:11
patients. So he uses it without informing them. Of course, this is unethical, 00:01:16
immoral. This shouldn't be ever done. This should be forbidden. That's why we must 00:01:23
establish limits. And when I talk about limits, I refer to both legal limits and 00:01:29
moral limits. Legal limits imply that we should pass a legislation that 00:01:35
determines what is forbidden, what kind of actions must never be done in science 00:01:41
and technology, so that we can punish people who break this law. But there must 00:01:48
also be moral limits, meaning that every individual should be aware of what is 00:01:54
correct and incorrect, and should stop doing what is morally incorrect. One very 00:01:59
interesting case that shows us the connection between science, technology 00:02:08
and ethics is a moral dilemma. A moral dilemma is a difficult situation when we 00:02:13
have to decide between two possible options. Both options are difficult. Both 00:02:21
options have disadvantages, so it's not easy to decide what is the best thing to 00:02:28
do. Let me give you an example taken again from medicine. Imagine we have a 00:02:33
patient that's very ill because he's suffering a strange disease. If we don't 00:02:39
do anything, he may die. So the doctors are trying a new surgery with him. They 00:02:44
have invented a new procedure. They can try to operate this patient, but there is 00:02:51
a high risk that the patient dies in the operation. Should the doctors operate him? 00:02:56
Or not? If we don't operate the patient, he might die because of the disease. If 00:03:03
we operate him, he might also die because of the operation. So it's tricky. It's not 00:03:09
easy to decide what is the best option. What would you do? Here is where medical 00:03:14
ethics can help us. Medical ethics tries to give us some clues in order to decide 00:03:20
what's the best thing to do in cases like this. Medical ethics is based on 00:03:29
four basic principles. The principle of autonomy, the principle of beneficence, the 00:03:35
principle of non-maleficence, and the principle of justice. The principle of 00:03:42
autonomy means that the patient has to approve, to accept, to give permission to 00:03:48
all the things doctors are doing there. The principle of beneficence means that 00:03:55
everything doctors do must be used to help the patient. The principle of 00:04:01
non-maleficence means that doctors should never do anything that could harm 00:04:07
the patient. We must avoid harm. And the fourth principle, the principle of 00:04:12
justice, means that we must treat all patients fairly and also treat each 00:04:17
individual case separately, taking into account the peculiar circumstances of 00:04:23
every individual. 00:04:30
Idioma/s:
en
Autor/es:
César Prestel
Subido por:
César Pedro P.
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual
Visualizaciones:
16
Fecha:
21 de julio de 2023 - 12:20
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES CERVANTES
Duración:
04′ 33″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1280x720 píxeles
Tamaño:
264.39 MBytes

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