Activa JavaScript para disfrutar de los vídeos de la Mediateca.
DEMOGRAPHY: INTRODUCTION - Contenido educativo
Ajuste de pantallaEl ajuste de pantalla se aprecia al ver el vídeo en pantalla completa. Elige la presentación que más te guste:
This is Suzanne. Her job is to plan what kinds of buildings should be built in the city where
00:00:00
she lives. She works as a city planner. Suzanne is inspecting a plot the city has bought.
00:00:09
But what should be built? The city's inhabitants are of different opinions. Jenny dreams of
00:00:18
living in a big house for young people when she's old enough to leave home. There needs
00:00:24
to be a rehearsal studio. John wants a new school to be built on the plot Suzanne is inspecting,
00:00:29
then his children won't need to travel so far in the mornings. And Cecilia thinks that there
00:00:36
is a shortage of apartments that suit the needs of the elderly. There's a need for a house with
00:00:41
an elevator and a garden. All ideas are possible to carry out, but planning a construction project
00:00:46
takes time. It can take many years to get all the decisions in place and until a building is
00:00:54
finished. By then Jenny will be a grown-up woman. John's children will have left school
00:01:00
and Cecilia, well, she might not even be alive. To make a decision, Suzanne needs to learn more
00:01:08
about the city's inhabitants. Not only those who live in the city right now, but also about those
00:01:18
who will live there in the future. Suzanne needs the help of demography. The word demography comes
00:01:24
from Greek. Demos means people and grafo means description. Demography is what we use when we
00:01:33
want to describe a population. And for that, we need facts and figures. We need statistics.
00:01:43
In most countries, government agencies collect information about the people who live there.
00:01:54
The number of births, the number of deaths, how many move in and out of the country,
00:01:59
where people live, their address, how many are studying, are unemployed, have jobs,
00:02:05
their occupations, and much more.
00:02:12
All this information is saved in registries.
00:02:17
But it takes a lot of effort to construct accurate registries.
00:02:21
In poor countries with many inhabitants,
00:02:26
or countries where there's war, statistics are often missing.
00:02:28
To learn more about the population, a state can conduct a census.
00:02:33
In the world's most populous country, China, a census was conducted in 2010.
00:02:38
Six million people made calls or knocked on doors to ask questions about each household,
00:02:49
how many people live at the address, how old they are, what gender they are, and about their level of education.
00:02:56
When the census was finished, they had counted 1.37 billion people.
00:03:03
Oh, right, we were supposed to help you.
00:03:13
In the city where Suzanne works, accurate registries have been kept for a long time.
00:03:17
That means we know quite a lot about those who live in the city right now,
00:03:21
and about those who've lived there in the past.
00:03:25
With the help of these statistics, we can try to predict who will live in the city in the future.
00:03:28
We can make a forecast.
00:03:34
When we make forecasts, we look at statistics and try to see patterns.
00:03:37
We try to understand how what has happened in the past might influence what will happen in the future.
00:03:42
That is what we need to do now.
00:03:49
In the registries, we find statistics from the last few years.
00:03:52
Every year fewer and fewer children are born
00:03:56
Most young people move away from the city after leaving school
00:04:00
And the retired in this city people live to become very old
00:04:05
Most of those who move to the city from other places are also retired people
00:04:11
Now we can make a forecast
00:04:16
Are you with us, Suzanne?
00:04:18
Not many children are being born
00:04:22
that means there'll be no need for more schools in the future.
00:04:24
Many young people leave.
00:04:28
This means a big house for young people would probably not be fully used.
00:04:29
We know that people grow very old
00:04:34
and that retired people continue to move into the city.
00:04:36
This means that the number of elderly people will grow
00:04:41
while the proportions of children and young people will go down.
00:04:44
The city has an ageing population.
00:04:48
In the future, there'll be a need for housing that suits the needs of elderly people.
00:04:50
So, Suzanne will plan for more buildings with lifts and gardens.
00:04:58
And maybe a studio too.
00:05:04
- Subido por:
- Alicia M.
- Licencia:
- Dominio público
- Visualizaciones:
- 92
- Fecha:
- 1 de abril de 2021 - 18:20
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Centro:
- IES LA SENDA
- Duración:
- 05′ 31″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
- Resolución:
- 1920x1080 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 103.00 MBytes
