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WHAT IS GOTHIC ART - Contenido educativo
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Welcome to Easy Architecture, your guide to the built environment.
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What is Gothic architecture and what makes it unique?
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Gothic architecture came out of the Middle Ages, with the first truly Gothic building
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appearing around 1140 AD.
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And no, it wasn't built by Goths.
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It was built by the French.
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Contrary to modern-day Goths who embraced the dark, Gothic architecture was considered
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uplifting for its time.
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Gothic cathedrals are partly recognizable because of their large walls of stained glass
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windows, which allowed light to fill large, open spaces and create a heavenly environment.
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But to construct these open spaces and walls of glass, they had to be creative.
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Builders of the Middle Ages took traditional methods of construction from around Europe
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and the Near East and modified them to reduce the need for load-bearing walls, bulky columns,
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and build higher than ever before.
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Here's how they did it.
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The most important element of Gothic architecture is the pointed arch.
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Arches provide a method for opening space while maintaining the strength of the walls.
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They allow for things such as doors and windows.
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While these guys knew about the rounded arch, the pointed arch is something they imported
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from the Near East and can be seen in early Islamic architecture such as the Al-Aqsa Mosque.
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Architects of the Middle Ages borrowed the idea of the pointed arch knowing it would
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let them build vertically higher than what was previously possible.
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This is because the pointed arch was more efficient at distributing the weight of the
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walls and roof.
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Remember, these buildings were made primarily of brick and stone and were very heavy.
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Managing and distributing the weight was really important, and the pointed arch was key in
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managing it all, especially when these arches were crossed to create a ribbed vaulted ceiling.
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Vaulted ceilings weren't a new idea either, but because the pointed arch was more effective,
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so was the ribbed vault.
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This resulted in a need for fewer columns, and those that were used were taller, thinner,
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and provided another distinguishing characteristic of Gothic architecture.
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Helping to disperse the weight carried by the pointed arches was the flying buttress,
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and something that gives Gothic architecture its unique silhouette.
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While a regular buttress butted up against the wall and kind of blended in with the masonry,
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a flying buttress was much more elegant and much more obvious.
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You see them mostly on the outside of the building, as they move the lateral forces
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across one or more arches.
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Despite supporting so much weight, the Flying Buttress disguises the load with an almost
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magical design.
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When you combine the Flying Buttress, pointed arch, slender columns, and rib vaulting, you
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get buildings that look unlike anything seen before.
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You have a building that's no longer supported by walls, and has a more open interior environment.
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With the weight of the building taken off the walls, you also have an opportunity to
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fill them with something other than brick and mortar, resulting in those large windows
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of stained glass that help define Gothic cathedrals.
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Another distinguishing trait of Gothic architecture is the ornamentation.
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The rose window, usually above the west door, is one of the most obvious examples.
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It depicts the final judgment of man and is part of the Gothic tradition in which biblical
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and historical stories were portrayed in stained glass and sculpture throughout the cathedral.
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This wasn't done just for decoration. At a time when most of the population was illiterate,
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these embellishments made scripture and history available to everyone.
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And of course a Gothic cathedral wouldn't be complete without gargoyles. On a practical
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level, they were spouts that moved rainwater off the roof. On a spiritual level, they scared
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people into going to church. Gothic architecture started in France, but the style quickly caught
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on and became the standard for cathedrals and churches throughout Europe. There are some local
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variations, like in England, where the design is more horizontal, and Italy, which embraced a more
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colorful ornamentation. But they all share the same basic design and engineering elements.
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Gothic architecture lasted until the late 1500s, around the beginning of the Renaissance,
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when it was gradually replaced but the gothic style would reappear again at different times
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and places in history for its association with religion and morality and the term gothic
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architecture wasn't used back in the middle ages when the style first emerged it was during the
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renaissance using goth as a derogatory term what no not that kind of goth goth is in the eastern
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Germanic people of medieval Europe. Basically, they were calling it barbaric.
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Hey, not fair!
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Sorry, but it's okay because we love it now, even if we sometimes forget where it came from.
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And remember, next time you look at a church, a gothic cathedral can be identified by the pointed
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arches, slender columns, rib-vaulted ceilings, fine buttresses, rose windows, gargoyles,
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and ornamentation. Now you know something about architecture. Wasn't that easy?
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If you enjoyed this video and would like to see more easy architecture, be sure to like
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and subscribe.
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- Subido por:
- Alicia M.
- Licencia:
- Dominio público
- Visualizaciones:
- 383
- Fecha:
- 23 de noviembre de 2021 - 10:15
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Centro:
- IES LA SENDA
- Duración:
- 05′ 24″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
- Resolución:
- 1920x1080 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 141.42 MBytes
