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1º ESO/RELIEF AND WATER - Contenido educativo

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Subido el 24 de febrero de 2021 por Alicia M.

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The surface of the Earth is covered by land and water. 00:00:00
We have special names for different kinds of natural features, or landforms, on the Earth's surface. 00:00:21
Come explore with me the Earth's landforms. 00:00:29
The two largest types of landforms are continents and oceans. 00:00:35
Continents are any one of the largest landmasses in the world. 00:00:41
Traditionally, the Earth is divided into seven continents. 00:00:46
From largest to smallest, they are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. 00:00:50
Oceans are large areas of saltwater between the continents. 00:01:03
Although all of the oceans are connected to each other, making them one big ocean, we 00:01:08
divide them into five smaller oceans that are separated by their location and the way 00:01:15
the water in them moves. 00:01:20
These oceans are the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, 00:01:24
and the Southern Ocean. 00:01:33
are huge. 00:01:37
Together, the oceans cover about 70% of the Earth. 00:01:39
The Pacific Ocean is both the largest and the deepest ocean. It covers one-third of 00:01:44
the Earth's surface. Smaller landforms are created in a variety of ways. Erosion from 00:01:51
wind and water can wear down the Earth. Volcanoes and shifting tectonic plates can create new 00:02:02
land or change the shape of old land. 00:02:09
Let's take a look now at some of the different landforms and bodies of water that cover our 00:02:13
planet. 00:02:19
Mountains are some of the biggest and most recognizable landforms. 00:02:27
They have steep sides and high peaks that stand out from the land around them. 00:02:34
Smaller, less steep landforms are called hills. 00:02:44
Mountains are usually formed when rock layers are pushed together from opposite sides, forcing 00:02:51
the land up in the middle. 00:02:56
The low areas between mountains are called valleys. 00:03:02
Mountains may also be formed by volcanic activity, when lava and other materials build up on 00:03:09
the surface. 00:03:15
But mountains aren't the only landforms that can be made by volcanoes. 00:03:18
When lava flows into the sea, it can create brand new land. 00:03:23
Sometimes volcanoes in the ocean create islands. 00:03:30
An island is a piece of ground that is completely surrounded by water. 00:03:40
Islands can be big or small in any part of the world. 00:03:45
The biggest island in the world is Greenland. 00:03:50
Australia is bigger than Greenland, but it is so big that it is called a continent instead 00:03:55
of an island. 00:04:01
Two more landforms that involve a little land and a lot of water are peninsulas and isthmuses. 00:04:05
An isthmus is a narrow strip of land with water on both sides, connecting two larger 00:04:14
pieces of land. 00:04:20
A famous example is the Isthmus of Panama that connects North America to South America. 00:04:24
A peninsula is a piece of land that has water on three sides, but is connected on the fourth 00:04:34
to the mainland. 00:04:39
Two well-known peninsulas are Italy and Florida. 00:04:44
Coastal areas have their own types of landforms. Bays, coral reefs, and lagoons are all landforms 00:04:54
that may be found on or around the coasts. 00:05:08
Another type of coastal landform is the estuary. An estuary is where a river meets the sea. 00:05:16
There, the salt water from the ocean mixes with the river's fresh water, and the river 00:05:24
spreads out, twisting and turning, wider and wider. 00:05:31
Because of the way it spreads out, water in an estuary is generally shallow, which allows 00:05:37
sunlight to penetrate all the way to the bottom. 00:05:43
Rivers are important natural features themselves. 00:05:52
They are fed by rain or melted snow. 00:05:56
The water in rivers is called freshwater because it is not salty like water in the oceans. 00:06:01
They begin in high ground, usually in hills or mountains, and follow gravity's pull 00:06:10
down to lower ground. 00:06:17
Smaller streams meet and join together, forming larger streams and rivers. 00:06:21
These large rivers join together too, becoming larger and larger until they finally reach 00:06:29
the ocean. 00:06:36
Sometimes rivers will flow into large bodies of water before they reach the ocean. 00:06:43
A large body of water surrounded by land is called a lake. 00:06:49
A small body of water surrounded by land is called a pond. 00:06:55
Not all lakes and ponds get their water from rivers. 00:07:02
Some are filled only by rainfall. 00:07:06
Most lakes are filled with fresh water, but some lakes are salty. 00:07:11
One famous example of a salty lake is the Great Salt Lake in Utah. 00:07:18
Another type of landform is a plain. 00:07:30
Plains are large areas of flat land, with no hills or mountains in them. 00:07:34
The Great Plains in the mid-United States is a good example of a large plain. 00:07:42
The last landforms we're going to learn about today are plateaus. 00:07:53
Plateaus are large areas of raised land that are flat on top. 00:07:59
Plateaus may be caused by volcanic activity beneath the Earth's surface. 00:08:06
Sometimes the pressure of the magma beneath isn't strong enough to break through the 00:08:11
crust and create a volcano, so instead the land is pushed upwards. 00:08:15
may stand all by themselves in otherwise flat land, or may sometimes be close to other plateaus. 00:08:24
There are many more types of landforms that we didn't have time to discuss. Landforms 00:08:35
are all around us. 00:08:41
I hope you enjoyed learning about landforms with me. Goodbye till next time! 00:09:07
Subido por:
Alicia M.
Licencia:
Dominio público
Visualizaciones:
38
Fecha:
24 de febrero de 2021 - 19:34
Visibilidad:
Público
Centro:
IES LA SENDA
Duración:
09′ 19″
Relación de aspecto:
1.78:1
Resolución:
1920x1080 píxeles
Tamaño:
248.03 MBytes

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