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1. The economy in the 17th century
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Well, today we are going to start the last unit of this year, the unit 8, that is related with the 17th century, as you can see in the title.
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So what we are going to see, if we follow the index, is first the economy in the 17th century.
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So we are going to give a whole picture of the economy.
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We will talk about the economy in general and then the economy in Spain, the society, how the society was structured, then the political system.
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you'll see that there is a main political system, but they are going to appear new.
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This specific epigraph related with the political system is really important for
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the next year, for 4th of ESO, because we will start with a society and a political system
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really close to this. So the idea is everything we are going to study in this unit is going to be
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seen in the next course, or we are going to continue with it in the first unit of the next
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We are going to talk about the Thirty Years' War, La Guerra de los Treinta Años, and Spain
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in the 17th century.
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These are going to be the five points we are going to see in this unit, the last five points,
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and this is going to be all.
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So let's see.
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Let's begin with the economy in the 17th century.
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So the basic idea is the economy in the 17th century is going to be based in agriculture,
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course agricultural production as it was in the medieval ages and it was in not
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only in the medieval ages but in the modern age in 15th and 16th century and
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but the main characteristics of this economy in the 17th century is crisis we
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are going to suffer an economic crisis this economic crisis is going to be
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related to a demographic crisis demographic crisis means crisis
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demographica means that there is a lot of people that they are going to die
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okay and they are going to die because of this economic crisis because we have
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food we have no food for everyone we are not going to have enough resources to
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make everyone survive and also because of the different wars like the 30 year
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wars okay so these wars are going to provoke also or they are going to
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contribute to this demographic crisis okay so let's start with this economy
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let's see it step by step and the first thing we need to see is this crisis is
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that we have an economy based on agriculture and also
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that there is a moment of crisis okay so let's see the European economy we will
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see in the point 1.1 we see the European economy in 1.2 we are going to
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see the Spanish economy so let's see the European economy the 17th century was
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characterized as an agricultural crisis what I said agricultural is is basic
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that's the basic economic activity but there is going to be a crisis during
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the 17th century okay so it's the main economic activity but it's going to be
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affected by some factors that they are going to let into a crisis which are the
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factors of this crisis okay the first one is the wars why wars are an economic
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factor they are affecting the economy because the wars means that we are going to need people
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as soldiers and where are they coming these people from the farmers the peasants so we are going to
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take the peasants take these farmers and they are going to fight in the armies for the king
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or the queen so the idea is we are going to have all these people all these farmers and peasants
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fighting in the wars so if they are fighting they are not cultivating so the
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the production agricultural production is going to decrease so due to these
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wars they are going to also destroy agricultural areas but also they are
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going to reduce the workforce the peasants the number of people working in
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the countryside okay so that's the idea they are going to destroy agricultural
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areas because maybe a battle is going to be in the countryside so this battle is
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going to destroy agricultural areas so the production agricultural production
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decreases and also there is going to be a reduction of the workforce in the
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countryside because of this because of the of these wars because they are they
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are using this workforce okay for to be soldiers it means they are going to take
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these peasants, they are going to take these people in order to be the soldiers
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in the army. So that's why the wars are going to affect this agricultural crisis.
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They are going to lead, they are going to be one of the causes of this
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agricultural crisis. So the production is going to decrease, agricultural
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production is going to decrease due to this destruction
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of agricultural areas and the workforce part of the farmers and
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peasants are going to go to the world as as soldiers the second a cause the
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second cause for this agricultural crisis is going to be the plagues knowledge
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plagues and when we talk about plus we talk about epidemic we talk about
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illness okay remember nowadays about coronavirus okay so when we talk about
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plagues we are talking about a illness viruses that they are killing people
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okay so this is going to increase the mortality so it means the mortality of
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the peasants that they are poor that they have nothing to eat that they do
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not live in good conditions so the mortality is going to increase so that
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is going the workforce the agricultural workforce is going to reduce again okay
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so the wars are going to reduce the workforce in the countryside also the
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plagues and the wars are going to destroy part of the agricultural areas
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what do we have here the Black Death la peste in the 17th century as you can see
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the the Black Death is going to enter through the different ports in the
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Iberian Peninsula and is going to affect Castile Portugal and Aragon and also
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France of course okay so as you can see for the days during the 17th century the
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Iberian Peninsula and part of Europe also Italy are going to suffer the black
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death so the population is going to decrease so less people working in the
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countryside okay this is a portrait this is a painting where you can see the
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representation of people can you see people that they are infected that they
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are dying okay the babies that they are with their mother the mother and the
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baby died that sorry and this Corp that is carried by two persons so the people
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is dying because of this because of this illness the black death and the living
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people needs to take care of the death or the illness people the ill people so
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the third one is that the farmers are going to migrate from the cities to the
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city sorry in order to avoid paying taxes so the idea is if you live in the
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countryside you work for a landlord you work for a Lord and you know that if you
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work for a Lord you need to pay taxes to the Lord so the idea is these farmers
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are going to migrate to the cities to avoid paying taxes that's the point okay
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so what we are going to have is these farmers migrating to the cities in order
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to avoid paying taxes that's the point okay so it means we are going to reduce
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the number of farmers the number of persons or reduce the workforce in the
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countryside why because they are migrating to the cities what do they
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what they are going to do in the cities they are going to live in the cities by
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begging okay it means pidiendo dinero they could they prefer to live in the
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city without paying taxes without living as almost slaves okay and live as
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homeless people okay on the streets asking for money okay because their
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situation is better in that way than working in the countryside okay so wars
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flags farmers migrating all this is producing this agricultural crisis the
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reduction of the agricultural production with regard to a reduction of the workforce in the
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countryside and also because of the destruction of some agricultural areas. We need to take into
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consideration also that the agricultural techniques are going to be outdated. What is outdated?
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Antiquados. It means we are going to produce a few. It means we do not have machines, we do not have
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fertilizers in order to increase the productivity so that as the techniques are old as the techniques
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are outdated okay the productivity is the is low okay so it means low productivity and the
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reduction of the production because of these factors and of course there are going to be
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years of a hot or but about harvest what does it mean that maybe is not going to rain enough
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because maybe we are or we are going to have a low temperatures so the the
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harvest are going to die etc so that's but that that is about harvest to kill
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the production or to reduce the production because the weather is not
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positive because the weather is not helping to cultivate the harvest so
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that's the idea it means there are going to be years of bad harvest and these
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years of bad harvests are going to be based on that on bad weather it means a
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lack of rain it means a lack of water or a lack of high temperatures in order to
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make the different plants the different harvest to grow so how we are going to
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call this agricultural crisis that means to reduce the agricultural production
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and increase the number of the people because they have nothing to eat we are
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going to call this subsistence crisis in Spanish crisis de subsistencia it means
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we do not have enough food to to provide or to to make everyone to survive it
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means as the production decreases the prices are going to increase so the poor
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people cannot buy so and also the production is less so there is no food
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for everyone so the majority of the population did not have enough food this is called subsystem
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crisis and it's characterized by this hunger and demographic decline it means people dying okay the
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number of people the death rates are going to increase okay due to this a lack of food
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so the people died of hunger that's the idea okay in the 17th century we are going to have
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this agricultural crisis okay because the um agricultural production is going to decrease
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because of the wars because of the plaques because the farmers are going to migrate to the cities in
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order not to pay taxes okay because there are going to be years of a harvest that there is no
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water enough or there is not going to be high temperatures in order to make this to make this
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to make the harvest to grow and also because the techniques are outdated they are so nanti
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quarters so it means we cannot increase the productivity due to these facts the production
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is going to decrease so there is not going to be food for everyone but also as the production
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decrease the prices are going to increase what does it mean lady of earth I demand a
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that is, if I have a lot of one thing and I want people to buy it and people are not
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interested, that is, if there is a lot of supply, that is, a lot of product but there is little demand,
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what will happen is that prices go down because if people do not buy me the only way to
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tell them hey buy me the chair hey buy me this is to lower the price now well the other way around if there is
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little supply that is to say little product and there is a lot of demand that is to say there is little product little food and
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and there is a lot of demand, everyone needs to eat, the prices go up, because, of course, you sell it to the best
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postman. What happens? Obviously the poor are the ones who are going to eat less and the ones who are going to die the most.
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And that is a subsistence crisis. It means when you, the production decreases, the prices increases, and the
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majority of the population has nothing to eat. So they are going to die. For example, this case, you see here,
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These are the death rates
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You see these peaks
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So it means
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When you see these peaks
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It means that we are in a subsistence
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In a subsistence crisis
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Because it means
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That the deaths are going to increase
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Sharply
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Rapidly
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Quickly
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So it means they are going to die
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Could die because of wars
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But also because of subsistence crisis
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Crisis demográficas, crisis de subsistencia
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So you see at the end of the 17th century and early 18th century
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You see at the end of the 17th century there are a lot of subsistent crises
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So this demographic crisis means that there are going to die more people
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That the people is giving birth
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The birth rates are going to be less than the death rates
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Quiere decir, muere más gente de la que nace
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Por tanto, the population decreases
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Here the population is increasing
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Because we have more people giving birth
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Than the people dying
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So these are the demographic crises
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And these demographic crises could be provoked
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By a subsistence crisis
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This means there is not enough food in order to feed all the population.
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Also could happen because of wars.
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So this is the agricultural crisis.
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And these are the causes of this agricultural crisis in Europe in the 17th century.
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What is going to happen in the second half of the 17th century?
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That the situation is going to improve a little.
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It means the population is going to tend to increase now.
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So, the crisis, the agricultural crisis, is basically in the first half of the 17th century.
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In the second half of the 17th century, what we are going to have is the situation is going to improve.
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It doesn't mean that we are not going to have subsistence crisis.
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We are going to have subsistence crisis.
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But in the second half of the 17th century, the population is going to tend to increase,
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because these subsistence crises are less, and they are less important.
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So by the end of the century the population had increased to the same level that it was at the beginning, mirad
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So let's see here
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if you check in the
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1600 what we have is 8 million people
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Okay in 1650 what we have is 7 million
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We have lost 1 million people and in the beginning of the 18th century what we have recovered is half of a million
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It means it is not exactly the same level as in the beginning of the century, the 17th century,
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but in the early 18th century we have recovered part of the population and the tendency is to increase.
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The tendency is to increase.
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So it means after this crisis in the 17th century, the demographic tendency is to increase.
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so that at the end of the century the population had increased not exactly to the same level but
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more or less to the same level that it was in the beginning of the century so this recovery was a
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possible due to these factors first fewer wars it means there is less people dying because of
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the wars second there is going to be a grow in the colonial trade okay due to this trade we have
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more products okay there are going to be new colonies etc that they are going to make the
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trade to increase okay new empires for example this is in orange the is the spanish empire
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in purple is the portuguese empire but you see the dutch the netherlands they are going to have
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south africa and they are going to have indonesia if you check the british are going to have the
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green one the hudson bay and the 13 colonies that they are going to be the united states nowadays
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the the different archipelagos or territories in central america and finally the french in america
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the french in some of the islands here and in africa okay makes sense so the idea is there is
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going to be in the 17th century a colonial expansion of other countries
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not only Spain and or the Hispanic monarchy and Portugal but also France
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the United Kingdom or Great Britain and the Netherlands okay that they are going
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to create new colonial empires and it means new products to trade with so it
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means more food so we are going to see how the demographic crisis is going to
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decrease and agricultural crisis is going to diminish so the Kings are going
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to encourage to founding this private to founding or to found private trading
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companies it means imagine the King has no money to create this colonial Empire
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so he is going to say okay you imagine Marcos Agüera Marcos you need to create
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a company okay you are going to create a company you are going to put your own
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money you are going to invest your own money and you are going to trade with
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this territory this territory is going to be Spanish from now on okay but you
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are going to acquire most of the profit the major part del beneficio of this
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okay so the idea is there was a growth in colonial trade okay the expansion of
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these colonial empires is going to make this colonial trade to increase and also
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the Kings are going to foster are going to encourage not promote this colonial
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trade creating this private trading companies for example this is the East
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Indian Company is British and is going to control British India okay this is
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the East Indian Company but is the the Dutch Indian Company this is the
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Netherlands and they are going to control what Indonesia and they are
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going to trade also with Japan or here La Real Compania Guipuzcoana de Caracas
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Guipuzcoa is in the Basque Country so is a royal company to trade with Caracas
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Venezuela here so the idea is this company is going to trade with Caracas
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in order to obtain what cocoa it means cacao so what they are going to do is to
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start trading with this so they are going to foster or promote or encourage
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the colonial trade how creating new colonial empires and also creating this
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these colonial companies okay this private colonial companies like the
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Netherlands one the British one or the Spanish one finally we need to talk
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about the textile industry that is going to view or is going to grow sorry is
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going to grow in some countries like the Netherlands and in England and the
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monarchs are going to intervene in economy this is really important the
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monarchs are going to decide to intervene in economy not only fostering
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the creation of these colonial empires or fostering the creation or the
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foundation of these private trading companies they are going to intervene in
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the economy through this mercantile system.
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We have talked about this, about the mercantile system, and you know how it works, but I will
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explain it again.
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Mercantile system is based on trading, it means we want to make money through trading.
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So the idea is we want to produce and we want to sell our products.
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But if we want to earn money, what we need to do is to sell products but not to buy products
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to others.
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What does it mean?
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A commodity economy, a commodity system is based on that, on I sell a lot and buy
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little.
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Why?
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Because if I sell a lot, I earn money and if I buy little, I spend little money, so
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I earn a lot of money, right?
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That is the idea.
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This commodity system is based on that, on selling a lot and buying little.
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How can I do to buy little?
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le pongo impuestos a los productos que vienen de otros países.
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Por tanto, mis productos los vendo fuera,
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pero los que vienen de otros países les subo un impuesto especial
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para que sean más caros y que la gente decida no comprarlos.
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Si yo, viviendo en España, compro un producto a Gran Bretaña
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y es más caro que el producto que se produce en España,
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¿a quién voy a comprar el producto de España?
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No al británico.
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Por tanto, ¿qué hago?
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fomento vender exportar y trato de evitar importar comprar a otros países eso es el
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sistema mercantil fomentar el comercio y fomentar lo que se llama la intervención en economía lo
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que se llama el protección ismo por proteges tu economía frente a otros países vale
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So, the monarchs are going to intervene in the economy implementing this mercantile system.
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How it's going to be based is increasing the amount of precious metals, of course, they
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need to pay, I mean to produce, so what they are going to do is to try to obtain more precious
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metals, silver and gold, and prevent these metals to go to other countries, it means
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to buy to other countries, and protecting national industries by taxing imported products,
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It means that these imported products are going to have an extra tax that they are going
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to make these products more expensive than the Spanish products.
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So that's why the population is going to buy the Spanish products and is not going to buy
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the imported products.
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Make sense?
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So a mercantile system is based on trading and is based on protecting my economy how
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establishing extra taxes to the products that came from other countries, it means the imported
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products.
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How?
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Why?
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Because what I'm going to do is to increase the exportations, it means to increase the
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products sold to other countries and to decrease the products bought or that we are going to
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buy to other countries.
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Make sense?
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idea is if I want to earn money what I need is to increase the exportations it
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means to increase the products I'm going to sell to other countries and decrease
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the products I'm going to buy for those countries okay so that's it that's the
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mercantile system and in order to do this what I need is the king to
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intervene in economy it means the king to promote not to buy products outside
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Spain and to promote this this the population of Spain to sell products to
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the other countries also what I need is more precious metals what I need is
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silver and gold in order to increase the money that I'm going to have to produce
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more products and I do not want this money to be used in other countries
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That is to say, I'm going to buy little, sell a lot, and the money I produce, the amount of money I get, I want it to be a lot, I don't want to spend it in other countries, I want to have a lot of money to be rich.
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To do all that, the monarch has to intervene, the monarch has to act in the economy, it can't be that the companies act alone.
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There has to be a monarch saying, over here, over there, we invest here, we buy here.
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So, these are the basis of this recovery.
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It means fewer wars, so there is less people dying or less agricultural fields destroyed.
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Second, the colonial trade is going to grow due to these private trading companies and
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the creation of new colonial empires.
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There is going to be an increase in the textile industry that is going to grow in some countries
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like England and the Netherlands.
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And finally, they are going to establish this specific type of economy, mercantile, the
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mercantile system, mercantile economy, based on what the king is going to intervene in
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economy because he's going to say what to do related with economy.
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Second, we want to sell a lot to other countries.
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Third, we want to decrease the amount of products bought to other countries.
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We do not want to buy to other countries because we want to have the money in our country.
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So it means we want to increase the amount of silver and gold in our countries
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and avoid using these metals in the other countries.
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So that the king intervenes in the economy, that we have a lot of gold and silver in the country, that the interior economy is protected by selling a lot and buying little in other countries, and accumulating those precious metals that we are not going to use outside.
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be deeper okay the idea is our crisis our agricultural crisis is going to be
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deeper and our demographic decline or demographic crisis is going to be
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deeper it means it's going to be worse than in Europe so Spain is going to
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suffer okay is going to suffer an economic and agricultural and demographic
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crisis that is going to be harder than the European one okay so in Europe the
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crisis is going to be lighter is going to be less important than or it's not going to be as deep as
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it is in is going to be in spain okay so why is going to be deeper this crisis in spain first
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because we are going to be in more wars than other countries we are going to fight against the
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netherlands remember the 80 year wars we are going to fight against the netherlands we are going to
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fighting the 30 year wars here in Germany and we are going to fight against France and also in
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America against the pirates so that's it Spain is going to be fighting against France against the
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Netherlands in Germany against the Protestants and also in America against the pirates so we are
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going to fight in more wars we are going to get involved in more wars than the other countries
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so that's why we are going to have a deeper agricultural and demographic crisis second
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Because we are going to spell the Moriscos remember these Moriscos were muslin people that they were converted into
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Catholicism, okay, but they are going to be a spell in 1609
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So it means most of these Moriscos are farmers if we spell the Moriscos we have less farmers
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So the agricultural production is going to decrease
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So that's why we are going to suffer also an agricultural and demographic crisis because we are losing people
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okay so the Moriscos are here mostly in in the crown of Aragon but also in part
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of Castile and they are going to be expelled okay we are talking about three
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hundred thousand people a lot of people and most of them are farmers okay so
00:29:13
these measure this religious measure to expel the Moriscos in 1609 is going to
00:29:20
against the agricultural and demographic development of the country so it means
00:29:27
Spain the Hispanic monarchy the Iberian Peninsula is going to suffer a deeper
00:29:32
agricultural crisis and demographic crisis because of this because of the
00:29:38
wars we are going to participate in more wars and second because we are going to
00:29:42
spell 300,000 people a lot of people when we talk about these people in
00:29:46
Aragón and Valencia is going to be the 20% of the population it's a lot of
00:29:51
people okay they are expelling the 20% of the population and they are farmers
00:29:56
so that is going to affect the agricultural production and the
00:30:03
demographic data no the demography there is going to be a demographic crisis due
00:30:06
to this expulsion the third one is because there are going to be many
00:30:11
farmers that left the countryside the same as in Europe the farmers are going
00:30:17
to go to the to the cities in order to pay less taxes so they go from the
00:30:21
countryside to the city in order to pay less taxes what they are going to do
00:30:28
they are going to live begging so it means they are going to work in the
00:30:31
countryside working for a landlord the living conditions are really bad so that
00:30:36
they prefer to be in the cities begging for money and surviving on the street
00:30:44
rather than being here controlled by the landlord okay and being treated as
00:30:50
slaves and paying more taxes than in the city so many farmers will lost people
00:30:57
working in the countryside not only because of the Moriscos but also because
00:31:06
of these farmers that they are going to go to the cities and we need to talk
00:31:11
about this fourth cause that is going to be that the Spain is going to run out of
00:31:17
resources from america what does it mean that the the production of silver the extraction of
00:31:21
silver in america is going to decrease during the second half of the 16th century okay so the
00:31:28
production of precious metal is going to decrease let's check this chart this is the production from
00:31:34
a this is the second half of the 16th century and this is the first half of the of the 17th century
00:31:40
if you check in this hundred years is the moment when there is going to be a highest production of
00:31:49
precious metals but in the second half of the 17th century is going to decrease a lot sharply
00:31:56
okay so it means in the second half of the 17th century we are going to see how the production
00:32:03
of precious metals has decreased a lot okay so that's the real point the production of
00:32:09
precious metals is going to decrease really fast and a lot, ok?
00:32:17
In the second half of the 17th century.
00:32:22
So that's why this other factor is going to contribute to the agricultural crisis and
00:32:25
the demographic decline, because the trading routes with America also are going to be threatened
00:32:31
with pirates.
00:32:38
So it means the production is going to decrease and the routes are going to be threatened
00:32:39
by pirates.
00:32:43
do you know that these are the routes in order to pick up the the metals the
00:32:44
silver from Mexico to go to La Habana and then to to Spain again to Europe
00:32:51
here this is the fridge goes to Panama gets the the silver from Peru and then
00:32:58
goes back to La Habana and to Europe perfect the problem is which are going
00:33:04
to be the areas of most a pirate activity Florida of course La Habana of
00:33:09
course and the regions where the where the fleet is going to move through okay
00:33:15
so the idea is these regions where the fleets are transporting are moving with
00:33:24
the silver and gold mostly silver so that's the idea okay so the attack of
00:33:31
the pirates are going to decrease also these trading routes okay the production
00:33:38
the the trading routes the the trading routes with America so these are the
00:33:43
four main causes of this agricultural crisis and demographic decline we have
00:33:49
three more we are going to see that in the next slide and we finish with that
00:33:55
okay so the idea is we are going to be involved in more wars than other
00:33:58
countries second we are going to lose farmers due to this expelling of the
00:34:02
Moriscos and also these farmers going to the cities and finally that the trading
00:34:09
routes with America are going to decrease as well as the production of
00:34:14
precious metals so that's the idea the production of precious metal is going to
00:34:19
decrease the trading routes are going to be affected by the pirates so the trade
00:34:24
with America is going to decrease, so it's going to affect the economy.
00:34:29
We have less farmers because of the expulsion of moriscos and the farmers leaving the countryside.
00:34:34
And finally this worse.
00:34:41
So three more.
00:34:44
There was also a crisis in the craft industry.
00:34:45
It means the manufactured products.
00:34:49
Why we are going to have a crisis in the craft industry in Spain if in England and the Netherlands
00:34:51
they are increasing their textile production, because in Spain to produce these products
00:34:59
is going to be more expensive than in the Netherlands or in the UK.
00:35:08
So that, what are they going to do the Spanish people, to buy these products in Spain that
00:35:14
they are more expensive than in the UK or to the UK?
00:35:18
Of course to the UK.
00:35:22
So that there is going to be a crisis of the craft industry, why?
00:35:23
they cannot produce the same they need to produce less ok they cannot produce
00:35:28
the same ok they are going to produce less because the people do not want to
00:35:32
buy these Spanish products because they are cheaper in other countries so that's
00:35:37
why our manufactured products are not competitively price in comparison with
00:35:42
other countries valen que quiere decir se produce mas barato el producto en
00:35:48
reino unido y en y en los países bajos antes que en españa por tanto la gente compras no en españa
00:35:55
sino fuera que ocurre con la industria española si nadie le compra que entra en crisis esa es la idea
00:36:03
ahora me podéis preguntar por qué es más barato producir allí porque tienen maquinaria porque
00:36:09
tienen se ha invertido dinero que en españa no se ha invertido es decir si yo quiero mejor la
00:36:16
production edit more machines produce faster and produce cheaper with
00:36:21
cheaper products that occur in Spain did not invest money in that did not
00:36:25
invested remember in the 16th century with America did not invest money in
00:36:29
manufacturing production therefore it was more expensive to produce in Spain than
00:36:33
outside therefore I buy outside and not inside I buy outside of Spain not inside
00:36:37
what I said trade with America is going to decrease ok and finally
00:36:42
There are going to be other colonial empires establishing trade in post in the Americas in order to sell their produce there. So imagine
00:36:50
Spain is controlling America
00:36:58
But suddenly one two islands now are in hands of the British or in hands of the French and this French that they produce
00:37:00
Cheaper the products are going to start selling it in America, even if it's illegal
00:37:08
So what is going to happen to the colonial trade this?
00:37:14
Spanish colonial trade with America that is going to decrease because there are
00:37:17
going to be different islands that they are now going to be in hands of the
00:37:22
British for example or the French and these people okay that they can produce
00:37:28
in France and in the and in England these products cheaper are going to sell
00:37:36
these products in America also cheaper than the Spanish so that the Spanish
00:37:41
territories the Spanish people in America are not going to buy these
00:37:47
products to the peninsula to the Iberian Peninsula to the Spanish in the
00:37:51
peninsula they are going to buy them to who the British or the French okay or
00:37:55
the Netherlands these are from the Netherlands okay so that's it these are
00:38:04
the main reasons of this economic crisis, of this agricultural crisis and this demographic
00:38:11
crisis, ok?
00:38:17
So that we are going to have, we are going to be involved in more wars than other countries,
00:38:18
that we are going to expel the moriscos and the farmers are going to leave the countryside
00:38:25
so we have less farmers to produce, and they are going to decrease, these factors are going
00:38:29
to decrease the agricultural production.
00:38:36
That Spain is going to run out of resources from America because the production is going
00:38:38
to decrease and also the trading routes are going to be attacked by pirates.
00:38:42
And finally this, that our craft industry cannot compete with the British or the Netherlands
00:38:47
ones, the Dutch ones, so it means the products are more expensive in Spain rather than in
00:38:55
the UK or in Great Britain or in the Netherlands.
00:39:04
So the people in Spain are going to buy these products to these other countries.
00:39:07
That the trade with America is going to decrease due to piracy and also, because of this, new
00:39:12
trading posts in the Americas by other colonial empires, the French, the British or the Dutch.
00:39:17
That they are going to start selling their products in America, in the Spanish America,
00:39:25
cheaper than the Spanish products coming from Spain, from the Iberian Peninsula.
00:39:30
So that's why there is going to be a crisis in the 17th century, an agricultural and demographic
00:39:38
crisis in the 17th century in Spain that is going to be deeper than in the rest of Europe.
00:39:43
But remember, in Europe what we have is also an agricultural and demographic crisis.
00:39:48
In the next video we will see the society.
00:39:55
- Autor/es:
- Rubén Peinado González
- Subido por:
- Ruben P.
- Licencia:
- Dominio público
- Visualizaciones:
- 82
- Fecha:
- 13 de abril de 2020 - 22:44
- Visibilidad:
- Público
- Centro:
- IES ANTARES
- Duración:
- 39′ 59″
- Relación de aspecto:
- 1.78:1
- Resolución:
- 1280x720 píxeles
- Tamaño:
- 214.25 MBytes
