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La PAC: continuité et changement

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Subido el 28 de junio de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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L'agriculture est incontestablement le secteur économique où le processus d'intégration communautaire s'est opéré en profondeur. En 1962, les 6 Etats membres de la Communauté économique européenne, alors déficitaires pour la plupart de leurs productions agricoles, mettent en place la politique agricole commune (PAC) dont les objectifs figuraient déjà dans le Traité de Rome: accroître la productivité de l'agriculture; assurer un niveau de vie équitable à la population agricole; stabiliser les marchés; garantir la sécurité des approvisionnements; assurer des prix convenables pour le consommateur. Le succès de cette politique tient à la mise en oeuvre de principes pour établir un véritable marché commun: unicité du marché (suppression des barrières douanières, harmonisation des règles sanitaires et des normes techniques), unité des prix (instauration de mécanismes régulateurs), préférence communautaire (achats de produits d'origine communautaire) et solidarité financière (ressources affectées à des dépenses communes et non en fonction des contributions des Etats membres).

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Great! I finally found you only Now what was I thinking 00:00:00
I can not take this anymore I will surrender 00:00:15
Uh, why? 00:00:24
Noooooooooooooooooooo 00:00:26
Marked by the food shortage post-war, Europe is establishing the PAC 00:00:40
Common agricultural policy, the first European policy integrated 00:00:44
The objectives of the PAC were clearly defined in 1957 00:00:49
In the Treaty of Rome, the founding act of the European Economic Community 00:00:53
Its objectives are the following 00:00:58
Increase productivity 00:01:00
Ensure a fair living standard for farmers 00:01:02
Stabilize markets 00:01:05
And finally guarantee the security of supplies at reasonable prices 00:01:07
The machine is launched 00:01:12
1958, Stresa, Italy 00:01:17
The great principles of the PAC are established 00:01:20
Unique market, community preference and financial solidarity 00:01:22
To meet this, the Common Organization of Major Agricultural Markets is set up 00:01:28
The modernization of the sector is launched 00:01:33
And in 1962, a European Fund for the financing of this policy 00:01:35
The European Fund for Orientation and Agricultural Guarantees is created 00:01:40
It finances the whole PAC 00:01:44
To meet all these challenges, the PAC also builds instruments 00:01:48
Customs rights are gradually removed between Member States 00:01:51
And a Common Customs Tariff vis-à-vis third countries is established 00:01:55
A large harmonization movement is also launched 00:01:59
It touches the administrative, sanitary, phytosanitary and veterinary rules 00:02:02
And that's not all 00:02:09
To protect its products, Europe introduces imports 00:02:10
In order to promote its production abroad 00:02:14
It establishes export restitutions 00:02:17
Prices are set every year 00:02:22
And it's a common budget that finances the PAC 00:02:24
This vast common policy is also based on economic and social cohesion 00:02:27
From 6 to 12 members 00:02:32
From self-sufficiency to the emergence of surplus 00:02:34
Until the establishment of the World Trade Organization 00:02:36
The PAC adapts to the new economic given 00:02:39
It also adapts to the increased demands of consumers 00:02:42
Quality, security and respect for the environment 00:02:46
At the turn of the 3rd millennium, Europe is preparing for a new expansion 00:02:51
And in the face of globalization, in the face of an increasing external demand 00:02:55
Our agriculture must be more competitive 00:02:59
If we really want to align the European agricultural model to the coming millennium 00:03:04
Then we have to do the following things 00:03:09
First of all, we have to ensure 00:03:13
That our products have the appropriate quality and are competitive 00:03:16
Second, we have to ensure 00:03:21
That the European agriculture can perceive all its functions 00:03:23
Not only the production of meat and grains 00:03:29
But also the preservation of the landscape and the environment 00:03:32
Third, we have to try to make our regulations as simple as possible 00:03:34
And fourth, we have to prevent under all circumstances 00:03:40
That we are increasingly in a situation 00:03:44
Where we spend more money on subsidies 00:03:46
In order to be able to carry out exports 00:03:49
Instead of satisfying the actual demand of the population 00:03:52
From my point of view, the decisive measure is 00:03:56
That we can compete with the prices of others 00:03:59
For example, our wheat must be sold on the world market 00:04:03
Only then can we be successful 00:04:08
But on the other hand, that is not enough 00:04:10
We also have to think about our own interests 00:04:12
And that means that we have to directly pay 00:04:16
The additional benefits of agriculture 00:04:19
And thus also ensure the income of farmers 00:04:21
The rebalancing of the support instruments 00:04:25
Involves an increase in direct aid 00:04:27
These direct aids are increasingly linked to the many services 00:04:30
That farmers provide to society 00:04:33
In fact, they are the real engine of economic activity in rural areas 00:04:36
Moreover, rural development is the second pillar of the PAC 00:04:41
It is the subject of an entire policy 00:04:44
This policy is about the link between agriculture and the territory 00:04:47
The progress of one depends on the progress of the other 00:04:52
The objectives of rural development are fundamentally two 00:04:56
The first is to maintain agriculture 00:05:00
As the main economic activity in the rural environment 00:05:03
And the second is that there is rural development 00:05:07
Alongside agriculture 00:05:12
So that the binomial agriculture-rural development 00:05:14
Is perfectly compacted 00:05:17
A very important aspect 00:05:21
Is the compensatory indemnifications 00:05:23
To the farmers who live in areas 00:05:26
Where it is difficult to maintain agricultural production 00:05:29
It is important that the farmer has a compensation 00:05:33
To be able to continue to maintain agricultural activity 00:05:38
Through the compensatory indemnifications mechanism 00:05:41
Rural development aims to preserve and improve 00:05:46
The environment, the landscape and the heritage 00:05:49
The agri-environmental measures must also 00:05:52
Appear in the rural development programs 00:05:55
Established by the Member States 00:05:58
The farm Alberese in Tuscany 00:06:03
Has been specializing for three years 00:06:05
In breeding and organic farming 00:06:07
For Marco Baglioni, the owner of the farm 00:06:09
The reform of the PAC 00:06:12
Is about the reciprocal commitment 00:06:14
Between agriculture and society 00:06:16
The non-negotiable elements are four 00:06:20
It is the general vision 00:06:25
An agreement between farmers and civil society 00:06:27
Where agriculture and the environment 00:06:30
Are the same thing 00:06:33
But it is produced 00:06:35
It is produced because 00:06:37
The products go for a diet 00:06:39
That guarantees health 00:06:42
Eating well and eating healthy 00:06:50
Is a will but also a right of the consumers 00:06:52
It is one of the concerns of the PAC 00:06:55
A multitude of initiatives have been taken 00:06:57
To guarantee the quality and safety of food 00:07:00
More than 500 products have received a quality label 00:07:03
A clear label is promoted by the Union 00:07:06
So that the consumer knows what he is buying 00:07:09
Extensive and organic production are encouraged 00:07:12
The urban legislation also provides measures 00:07:16
To protect the health and safety of consumers 00:07:19
To fulfill all these missions 00:07:23
The PAC has an important budget 00:07:25
It represents half of the total budget of the EU 00:07:28
The scope of the agricultural budget 00:07:32
Is directly related to the degree of integration 00:07:35
Of the common agricultural policy 00:07:40
Due to the high degree of integration 00:07:43
More money is paid on a community level 00:07:46
But if you were to compare 00:07:50
The national budget with the community budget 00:07:53
You would soon see 00:07:57
That the expenses for agriculture in the EU 00:07:59
Are relative 00:08:02
They are at 2% of the total public expenditure 00:08:04
The PAC is at the heart of the construction of the Union 00:08:09
Because agriculture is a sector 00:08:12
Intimately linked to the economy 00:08:14
Intimately linked to health 00:08:16
Intimately linked to the environment 00:08:19
To the development of regions and territories 00:08:21
As well as to employment 00:08:23
The PAC unites Member States 00:08:25
In pursuit of the same goal 00:08:27
To promote agriculture 00:08:29
At the service of all citizens 00:08:31
Thank you for watching 00:08:49
See you in the next video 00:08:51
Thank you for watching 00:09:19
See you in the next video 00:09:21
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Idioma/s:
fr
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Segundo Curso
Autor/es:
L'Union Européenne
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
1453
Fecha:
28 de junio de 2007 - 15:15
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
Commission Européenne
Duración:
09′ 19″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
320x240 píxeles
Tamaño:
51.81 MBytes

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